What symptoms indicate mushroom poisoning and how to choose and buy this product correctly? aif.ru told about this Director of the Institute of Pharmacy and Medicinal Chemistry of the Russian National Research Medical University named after N.I. Pirogov of the Ministry of Health of Russia, chemist-toxicologist Vadim Negrebetsky.
What are the symptoms of mushroom poisoning?
A mushroom is a biochemical factory, to put it simply. Mushroom poisoning is dangerous because there are no single symptoms. In addition to, let’s say, conditionally safe, there are poisonous ones, the toxic effect of which is manifested at the smallest doses. The greatest danger is, as a rule, those mushrooms, the symptoms of poisoning of which do not appear immediately. Among them, in addition to the well-known pale grebe, fly agaric and false mushrooms, less well-known: some types of fibrous and rowing, etc.
Symptoms of mild poisoning resemble gastrointestinal disorders and are associated with dysfunction of the digestive system:
– stomach ache,
— diarrhea,
– nausea,
– vomit,
– weakness,
– sweating.
The manifestation time is from 5-10 minutes to several hours after eating mushrooms. If such symptoms occur, it is necessary to carry out a gastric lavage and be under the supervision of a doctor.
Certain types of fungi can also cause life-threatening poisoning. For example, cyclopeptides, phallotoxins and amatoxins contained in the pale toadstool are hepatotoxic, affect liver cells, and can lead to paralysis. The most dangerous thing is that heat treatment has no effect on them.
What should you pay attention to when choosing mushrooms?
In a store or in the market, you can only appreciate the appearance and smell. The latter should be natural and moderately saturated. Should alert the smell of chemical (medical) preparations, ammonia (reminiscent of the smell of ammonia) or mold. Pay attention to the storage conditions: the presence of original packaging, etc. The only recommendation for appearance is the absence of obvious dark spots.
What rules should be followed to prevent mushroom poisoning?
The rules are the most trivial:
– before putting the mushroom in the basket, make sure that this mushroom is not poisonous, if there is even the slightest doubt – do not take it;
– the ideal option is to buy mushrooms only in a store or on the official market (in the latter case, be sure to ask the seller about the availability of a sanitary document);
– there is a temptation to buy from mushroom pickers along the road – not the best option, especially if you do not understand anything about mushrooms;
– observe the mode of preparation and heat treatment.
Source: aif.ru
